Redear Sunfish
Scientific Name: Lepomis microlophus
Also known as: Shellcracker, Chinquapin
General Description
The Redear Sunfish, commonly referred to as “Shellcracker” due to its habit of feeding on snails and other hard-shelled prey, is a popular species among anglers for its impressive size and distinctive appearance. This sunfish species features a deep, laterally compressed body with a golden to olive-green hue and vibrant orange-red coloration along the edges of the fins, particularly the ear flap (the opercular flap), which gives the fish its name. The average size for a Redear Sunfish is between 8 to 12 inches, but some individuals can grow as large as 15 inches or more, making them a sought-after catch.
Redear Sunfish are often mistaken for their close relatives, such as the Bluegill, but they are known for having a more robust body and a more prominent mouth. Unlike other sunfish, Redear Sunfish feed predominantly on invertebrates like snails, clams, and crustaceans, which gives them a tougher and more challenging fight when hooked. Their bottom-feeding behavior often leads them to hang out near structures like rocks, submerged logs, or aquatic plants where these creatures dwell, making them a delight to catch for those willing to put in the effort.
Where to Find Them
Redear Sunfish can be found throughout much of the southeastern United States, as well as in various other regions across the country where warm waters are abundant. They prefer slow-moving or still waters, particularly ponds, lakes, and reservoirs, where they can feed on the variety of invertebrates that thrive in these habitats. Redear Sunfish are typically located in areas with abundant submerged cover, such as rocky bottoms, weed beds, or sunken trees, which serve as a refuge for snails and other small creatures that they prey upon.
These sunfish prefer warm waters, typically ranging from 60°F to 80°F, and are often found in shallow areas of lakes and ponds with depths up to 10 feet. In addition to these sheltered habitats, Redear Sunfish can also be found in rivers and backwaters, especially where the current is minimal and the bottom is soft and muddy. During the spring and early summer months, they move into shallow waters to spawn, making this time ideal for targeting them.
The Redear Sunfish is a bottom-dweller, often residing near the lake or riverbed, and anglers looking for them should focus on fishing around rocky shorelines, submerged structures, and weedy areas. The fish tend to stay in these areas, feeding on snails, crustaceans, and other small invertebrates that can be found among the aquatic vegetation and substrate.
Best Baits
Live Bait Options
- Nightcrawlers
- Earthworms
- Crickets
- Snails
- Small minnows
Artificial Bait Options
- Small jigs (green, brown, or orange)
- Soft plastics (tubes or grubs)
- Crankbaits (natural colors like brown and green)
- Inline spinners (gold or silver)
- Soft plastic crawfish imitations
Best Fishing Methods
Fishing for Redear Sunfish typically involves bottom fishing techniques, as these sunfish are often found near submerged structures or the lakebed, where they forage for snails and other small creatures. Bottom fishing with live bait, such as worms, snails, or nightcrawlers, is highly effective, particularly when the bait is fished near the bottom using a Carolina rig or split-shot rig. This setup allows the bait to stay near the fish’s preferred feeding zone without drifting too far off the bottom.
For those preferring artificial baits, soft plastic worms or tube jigs are excellent choices when fished near the bottom or around submerged cover. Crankbaits in natural color patterns that mimic small invertebrates or crayfish are also effective, particularly when fishing in areas with minimal cover. Jigging with small, soft plastic lures like grubs or crawfish imitations can also yield successful results, as these lures closely resemble the natural prey of the Redear Sunfish.
Drifting or casting near submerged structures and vegetation is the key to success when fishing for Redear Sunfish. Focus on areas with a mix of soft and rocky bottoms, as these are the ideal locations for finding snails and other invertebrates. Redear Sunfish are often more difficult to catch than other sunfish species due to their more selective feeding habits, but with patience and the right techniques, anglers can enjoy a successful day on the water.
Summary
Fishing for Redear Sunfish offers anglers a rewarding experience, especially for those looking for a fish that offers a tougher fight than the average sunfish. These fish can be found in slow-moving waters, especially in ponds, lakes, and reservoirs where they feed on invertebrates like snails and small crustaceans.
When targeting Redear Sunfish, anglers should focus on fishing near the bottom or around submerged structures such as rocks, logs, and aquatic vegetation. Live bait such as nightcrawlers, snails, or earthworms works best, but soft plastics and small jigs can also be effective, especially when used around the fish’s preferred feeding grounds. Redear Sunfish are most active during the spring and early summer months when they move into shallow waters to spawn, making this an ideal time to fish for them.
Despite their selective feeding habits and preference for deeper, more sheltered waters, the Redear Sunfish is a fun and rewarding fish to target for anglers who are willing to learn about its feeding behaviors and preferred habitats. Whether using live bait or artificial lures, fishing for Redear Sunfish requires a bit more finesse than fishing for other sunfish species, but the reward is well worth the effort.
